Do I Need a License or Certification to Operate a Food Truck Business?
- Nate Jones, CPCU, ARM, CLCS, AU
- Sep 12
- 3 min read
If you're planning to launch a food truck business, one of the first questions you'll face is: What licenses, permits, or certifications do I need to operate legally? The answer depends on your location, but there are several core requirements that apply in most cities and states.
In this guide, we’ll break down the essential licenses and certifications you’ll need—and how Wexford Insurance can help protect your business with specialized food truck insurance.
Why Licensing and Certification Matter
Operating a food truck without the proper documentation can lead to fines, shutdowns, or even legal action. More importantly, these licenses ensure your business is safe, sanitary, and compliant with local regulations. Let’s explore the key requirements.
1. Business License
A business license (also called a vendor license or basic business operation license) allows you to legally operate in your city or county. It registers your business with local authorities for tax and regulatory purposes.
Cost: $50–$500 depending on location
Where to apply: SBA.gov
2. Employer Identification Number (EIN)
An EIN is a federal tax ID number issued by the IRS. It’s required if you plan to hire employees or open a business bank account.
Cost: Free
Where to apply: IRS.gov
3. Food Handler’s Permit or Certification
Most states require at least one person on your truck to have a food handler’s permit or food manager certification. This ensures safe food preparation and handling.
Cost: Typically under $50
Where to apply: ServSafe
4. Health Department Permit
A health permit (also called a food service license) is issued after your truck passes a health inspection. Inspectors check for cleanliness, food storage, and sanitation.
Cost: $50–$1,000 depending on city
Tip: Your health score may need to be publicly displayed
5. Fire Safety Inspection and Certificate
If your truck uses cooking equipment or propane, you’ll likely need a fire department inspection and a fire suppression system installed.
Requirements include:
Class K and ABC fire extinguishers
Proper ventilation systems
Employee fire safety training
Standards: Follow NFPA fire safety codes
6. Parking Permits and Zoning Compliance
You can’t park your food truck just anywhere. Cities have zoning laws and parking permit requirements that dictate where and when you can operate.
Types of permits:
Specific location permits
Special event permits
Private property agreements
Tip: Always check local zoning maps and restrictions before choosing a location.
7. Commissary Agreement (if required)
Some cities require food trucks to prep and store food in a licensed commissary kitchen. You may need a signed agreement showing access to water, waste disposal, and storage.
8. Special Event Permits
If you plan to operate at festivals, concerts, or private events, you’ll need a temporary vending permit for each event.
Don’t Forget Insurance
Licensing is only part of the equation. To fully protect your food truck business, you need the right insurance coverage. At Wexford Insurance, we help food truck owners find tailored policies that meet local requirements and protect against unexpected risks.
Recommended Coverages:
Final Thoughts
Starting a food truck business is an exciting venture, but navigating the legal and regulatory landscape is essential to operating successfully. From health permits and food handler certifications to fire safety inspections and parking permits, compliance ensures your business runs smoothly and avoids costly setbacks.
Partnering with an insurance agency like Wexford Insurance gives you peace of mind, knowing your food truck is protected against risks while you focus on serving customers and growing your brand.
👉 Ready to protect your food truck business?
